Personal Rights Vs. Religious Beliefs - 1627 Words

ABORTION PERSONAL RIGHTS VS. RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AECHMIA COTE LAW 103 BAY PATH UNIVERSITY One of the many controversial topics in the United States is ABORTION. It is defined as a Removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy as described on dictionary.com. I must say that, days of research it seems to be a debatable issue especially when it comes to religion and one’s personal choice in life to choose to do it, and remains to be a public interest. This will continue being an issue that is either for or against abortion. A topic like this has been going on for a couple of years now. Many people do have opposing views for â€Å"Pro-Choice† in which a woman has the right to†¦show more content†¦A case that was decided on Jan. 22, 1973 Roe v. Wade in favor of abortion rights ( ProChoice), the Constitution gives â€Å"a guarantee of certain areas or zones of privacy which is broad enough to encompass a woman’s decision whether or not terminate her pregnancy. Woman’s independence and ability to determine her future she should be able to choose whether or not to control their reproductive lives. Embryos and fetuses are not considered self-determining beings, and that abortion is the termination of a pregnancy, not that of a baby. A person s age is determined by their birth date, not conception. The majority opinion in Roe v. Wade states that the word person, as used in the Fourteenth Amendment [of the US Constitution], does not include the unborn. And in the case of Gonzales v. Carhart (2007) that undue restrictions on abortion infringe upon a woman’s autonomy to determine her life’s course, and thus to enjoy equal citizenship statures. At the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, they had stated that there is no legitimate scientific information that supports the statement that a fetus experiences pain. A fetus probably can t feel pain until the 29th or 30th week of gestation. Abortions that late into a pregnancy are extremely rare and are often restricted by state laws. According to Stuart W. G. Derbyshire, PhD, Senior Lecturer at the University of

Reflection On Oppression - 707 Words

An issue in my own life that I needed to face that lead from reflection to action was an abusive relationship. Linked to the spiral model of learning the first step taken by myself was identifying i belonged to an oppressed group. Admitting both the situation, along with belonging to a group of oppression was extremely challenging for me. To overcome these issues I needed to reflect on it. Once again, this is challenging, as reliving it is hard, and being honest with oneself is hard. During my reflection of my own experience there were large amounts of fear, fear to admit it as that means not only has something bad occurred to me, but that my partner had been â€Å"bad† through his treatment towards me. My feelings were all over the place†¦show more content†¦If he had received a paycheque, levels of respect and appreciation would increase for a while. The most obvious analysis was the power structure that existed within this relationship. He was a male and dominant I was a woman not only seen as inferior, but acted and treated as so. He was the breadwinner compared to me after I just gave birth to our daughter. Another part of me analyzing the experience was recognizing that I need the support of my allies. I needed to confide in those I trusted and relate to those who have experience the same situation to gain an understanding of possibilities for changing the situation. My goal was to move forward from feeling like a victim, or hating myself for allowing what had happened to occur. I wanted to love myself, appreciate myself, and build my self-esteem in hopes it would ensure this would never occur again. Most of all I wanted to ensure that my life and my choices for myself would be something my daughter good see as a good role model. Implication were that to move forward I would have to experience pain to work through the mental, and emotional implications the abuse had created. This included depression, anxiety, fear, self-loathing, ne gative thinking, attachment issues, and others. I planned doctor’s visits, gym memberships, and family gatherings to support me though my experience. I needed to next take action against the oppression I faced and this was the beginning of doing so. I began seeing a counselor toShow MoreRelatedInternalized Oppression Reflection1141 Words   |  5 PagesInternalized Oppression Since I was a child, I always knew about social class, especially when my mother would use food stamps to purchase food at the store and the dirty looks we would get. Reflecting on my background and how I have put myself down over the year because I thought I was low class or didn t make enough money to go to certain restaurants really is something eye opening. I would oppress myself in so many ways, it was unbelievable, and it just isn t a problem that I alone am sufferingRead MoreFreire s Theory Of The Oppressed And The Oppressor Collins, Brooks, And Kidd1628 Words   |  7 PagesFreire addresses in his Pedagogy of the Oppressed as he emphasizes how liberation transcends time, and atmosphere. Instead he chooses to illustrate a process which is embodied by acceptance of the oppressor, activism, fellowship, solidarity, and reflection, it is these components that create the means for a successful path to liberation, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of personal an d societal growth (Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed). Brooks, Collins, and Kidd’s novelsRead MoreThe Transmission Model Of Banking Education Essay1700 Words   |  7 Pages Friere asserted that the transmission model of ‘Banking’ education was prevalent, and was used by the hegemonic class to ensure the oppressed remained within a repressive state, in the Magical Consciousness state, and were unaware of their own oppression. Additionally, through the banking model the educator is viewed as the fount of all knowledge, and views the student as an empty container, whom the educator must fill with knowledge. Through this approach ‘the educator is active, the Subject, andRead MoreThe Case Of Marie And Her Sons793 Words   |  4 PagesTimes article; â€Å"The Case of Marie and her Sons† is about a Puerto-Rican mother’s battle with the Connecticut Department of Children and Families (DCF) to regain custody of her five sons. The journal ar ticles; â€Å"A Social Worker’s Reflections on Power, Privilege, and Oppression† by Michael Spence; â€Å"Pregnant With Possibility†, Merlinda Weinberg; and Racial Macroaggressions in Everyday Life†, Derald Wing Sue, et. al.; have illuminated some common issues that can occur during my career that will have a profoundRead MoreBeing Majoring Or Minoring Into Integrated Educational Studies Course925 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents on a more personal level. I believe this has been invaluable in helping me learn because it establishes a sense of trust amongst students and creates a more comfortable and open atmosphere to discuss topics like diversity, difference, and oppression—something I think is necessary to gain a better understanding of these issues. With the focus of these discussions being mainly on in-class activities, such as the ethnic studies debate or the multicultural-self worksheet, I feel it allows me toRead MoreThe Youth Oriented Hip Ho p Movement1498 Words   |  6 Pagessimply be a reflection of the reality. Hip-hop, as an artistic outlet, challenges the dominant culture whereby teens living in urban areas are frequently subjected to violence and harmful activity, and therefore speaks against the structural oppression within society. Emerging out of the South Bronx in the 1970s, hip-hop culture and rap music became a musical instrument of creative resistance for African-American youths. It was a way for them to denounce and resist racism, oppression, and povertyRead MoreSocial Oppression Virginia Woolf Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagestheme: the theme of social oppression. Social oppression was shown in two ways: the oppression of women as English society returned to its traditional norms and customs after the war, and the oppression of the hard realities of life, concealing these realities with the elegance of English society. This paper discusses the purpose of the city in mirroring the theme of social oppression, focusing on issues of gender oppression, particularly against women, and the oppression of poverty and class discriminationRead MoreCritical Reflection On Self And, And Challenging External Power Structures804 Words   |  4 Pagesour interests that potentially harm service users (Bloom, 2006). Through critical reflection we have a better understanding of power relationships, which makes us mindful of not perpetuating people’s experiences of oppression in our working relationships with them. Deconstruction highlighted how implicit construction of power is disenabling and easily subscribed to as the dominant discourse. Critical reflection allows social workers to silently asking oneself as observing oneself in practice questionsRead MoreJane Eyre Character Analysis1402 Words   |  6 Pagesdisregarded. Looked down upon by society, they are made to feel suppressed and as if their thoughts do not matter. Such feelings of oppression seem to drive both Jane and Bertha to madness; Bertha seems to embody the inner rage that Jane tries to control within herself throughout the novel. Through drawing parallels between Jane and Bertha, BrontÃ'‘ highlights the oppression commonly faced by women in Victorian society and seems to suggest that the constant subjugation that they face causes them to turnRead MoreA Study on Slavery1112 Words   |  4 Pagesdrug-related crimes, although whites use drugs as often as blacks do (Wise, 2012). To improve African American relations today, it is first and foremost important to recognize that the grievances of African Americans are not unwarranted and that racial oppression is not ancient history (Milloy, 2012). Educational programs need to be improved, allowing both whites and African Americans learn the history of slavery, prejudice, and discrimination as well as the history of civil rights movements. The population

The New Transgression Of The Modern World Cyber Crime

Abstract This paper will explore five published articles and multiple other sources that report on the new transgression of the modern world, cyber crime. Within cyber crime we will be looking into a variety of specific types of online misconduct, beginning with Cyber bullying. We will also delve into Identity Theft, Online child sexual abuse material, and Sales and Investment Fraud. Along with looking into the wide array of different types of online crime, we will discuss different deterrents to try to avoid the risk of a cyber attack and tips to stop the malicious transfer of inappropriate materials. By the end of this paper I would like to call out on you as our reader to help provide a more safe and efficient cyber world. Bill Belsey, a nationally recognized educator from Alberta, Canada, gives this definition of what is the new abuse of the modern world: Cyberbullying: involves the use of information and communication technologies such as email, cell phone and pager text messages, instan t messaging (IM), defamatory personal Web sites, and defamatory online personal polling Websites, to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, that is intended to harm others. (Belsey, 2004) In the 21st century we tend to be ever growing in new technological advances, advances that can allow hackers to crack into websites and other users accounts, as well as shut down websites in order to make a statement. Cyber bullying attempts to belittleShow MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCross Reference of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Concepts to Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource

John Fitzgerald Kennedy And Joseph Kennedy - 1796 Words

John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born to Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy and Joseph Kennedy on May 29th 1917. Jack was born into an Irish Catholic family who resided in Brookline, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston. His great grandparents had emigrated from Ireland and worked hard to become successful against the prejudice for the Irish. His namesake, his maternal grandfather became the mayor of Boston. Jake was the second oldest in a family of nine children. He grew up in a family that was very wealthy and had lots of opportunity. In 1936 he entered Harvard where he played football and was an average student. In 1937 his father became the U.S. Ambassador to England. His father’s service piqued his interest in world politics. It inspired him to†¦show more content†¦On July 13, 1960, the Democratic Party elected him as their candidate. Once Jack was chosen he picked his vice president, Lyndon B. Johnson, who was well known, as a senator from Texas. In September, 1960, Kennedy and Nixon debated in front of a national audience. â€Å"The first ever televised Presidential debates helped Kennedy and defined the importance of television in elections.† â€Å"During the crucial TV debates between Nixon and Kennedy, Nixon felt he had to play down the anti-Castro rhetoric because of his personal involvement. On the other hand, JFK, who did not benefit from official knowledge and because of his closeness with the Cubans, forcefully challenged Nixon and took the initiative on that subject during the debates. The edge gained from that single subject may have provided JFK with the votes that gave him his narrow victory.† On November 8, 1960, JFK won the election against the Republican Vice President, Richardson M. Nixon. In that same month his son John Jr. was born. Kennedy was the youngest President at the age of 43, and still is today. He was the 35th president and the first Catholic president. J.F.K.’s swearing in took place on January 20, 1961. One of his most famous quotes from that day in his speech was â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.† Jack wanted mankind to come together to oppose against certain things but mainly war, and warShow MoreRelatedJohn F. Kennedy Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesof America, John Fitzgerald Kennedy remains the youngest man ever elected to the office of Chief Executive, and the youngest man to die while still fulfilling his duties. Serving as Americas President, John F. Kennedy held his office for 1000 days, dying November 22nd, 1963, assassinated at the age of 46. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born on May 29th, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts, the second son of nine children of the wealthy Roman Catholic Kennedy family. Joseph Patrick Kennedy, Kennedys fatherRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy: Life and Times853 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on May 29, 1917. John’s mother’s name was Rose Elizabeth Fitzgerald Kennedy and his father, Joseph Patrick Kennedy. Rose and Joseph had 9 children in total. John had a very competitive childhood with his older brother Joseph Patrick Junior. Jack (JFK) was sick very often in his childhood, but nether less he was very active in sports and very social. Jack’s brother Joe Jr. was his parents’ favorite son. Joseph Patrick Kennedy was theRead MoreWas The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy a Conspiracy?794 Words   |  4 Pages Was The Assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy a Conspiracy? On November 22nd, 1963 at 12:30 p.m in Dallas, Texas, one of the most horrific events in American History took place. The assassination of John F. Kennedy. Crowds were cheering as JFK was on a ten mile route that would pass through Dallas, Texas. John Kennedy was in the back seat of a 1961 four door Lincoln Continental convertible when this tragic event occurred. The driver took a left off of Main street passing by the Texas SchoolRead MoreJFK Leadership Profile Essay1135 Words   |  5 Pagesentire nation. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the 35th President, who took office on January 20, 1961- but before that Kennedy was a World War II hero, a United States Senator, and published a book titled Profiles of Courage which won him a Pulitzer Prize (www.famouspeople.com). John F. Kennedy possessed traits that allowed him to guide the country through three major geopolitical events that could have been disastrous if a lesser man was the leader of the free world. John Fitzgerald Kennedy went on toRead MoreThe Life and Legacy of John F. Kennedy867 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy was born May 29, 1917 in Brookline Massachusetts. He was the second son born to Joseph Patrick and Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy. Despite being born into Boston’s wealthy Irish population, the family was not accepted into the Boston’s Protestant elite. This was due to the opinion of the Boston Brahmins, who perceived the Kennedy’s to still be mere Irish immigrants. Even though earlier relatives Thomas Fitzgerald and Patrick Kennedy emigrated from Ireland to Boston in 1845 and 1848Read MoreJohn F. Kennedy: A Life of Abundance Before He Became President903 Words   |  4 Pagesor country. John F. Kennedy was known as a great leader and he was also known throughout the world for his heroic deeds. John F. Kennedy’s Assassination was a huge milestone in the past half century and it has affected many American lives. John F. Kennedy lived an abundant life including h is younger years, his years in Congress, and his final days as President of the United States. John Fitzgerald Kennedy, also known as Jack, was born on May 29, 1917 in Brooklyn, Massachusetts. John was named afterRead MoreJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesJFK John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Jack) was born in Brooklyn Massachusetts on May 29, 1917, to Joseph Kennedy and Rose Fitzgerald, who were the children of Patrick Kennedy and John Fitzgerald (Honey Fitz), whose parents both emigrated from Ireland in 1858. Honey Fitz was governor of Boston and served on the House of Representatives. Both men were influential in politics. Joseph and Rose Kennedy had nine children: Joseph Jr., John, Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, RobertRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy Hero Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy: A Deserving Hero â€Å"Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into reality† (Bennis). During his life, John F. Kennedy took his innovative and thoughtful ideas and brought them to life. Born on May 29th, 1917 in Brookline, Massachusetts, the Kennedys were a wealthy Irish-American family that was very involved with the politics of Massachusetts. Raised with a silver spoon in his mouth, Kennedy was the son of Joseph P. Kennedy, an American ambassador to Britain duringRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Kennedy1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kennedy family name is synonymous with fame and fortune and â€Å"perfection†. But things have never been perfect behind the scenes of one of the most powerful families in American history. The first well-known Kennedy was Joseph Kennedy. He went to school at Harvard, but he was not very liked due to his religious practices. He did get married two years after his graduation to Rose Fitzgerald daughter of the Boston Mayor.(â€Å"Joseph Kennedy†2) . They had a total of nine children; Joseph Jr., John (Jack)

Medical Bills And Prescriptions Are At An Extreme High And...

Medical bills and prescriptions are at an extreme high and health care is suppose to help people receive the care they need without them having to pay out of pocket for every thing. The history of health care spans back to the early 18th century, but remains a complex and arguable issue that is still debatable today. Historically, health care has been around from quite sometime now. According to Karen S. Palmer from the PNHP (Physicians for a National Health Program) the American Association of Labor Legislation in 1906 is actually was led to the campaign for health insurance, the costs at the time were to be shared amongst the workers employers and the state. (1999) Times during the Progressive era sparked changes in health care economics. A health care crisis timeline from PBS goes more into detail about how starting after World War I, â€Å"American hospitals are now modern scientific institutions, valuing antiseptics and cleanliness, and using medications for the relief of pain.† Health was taken more seriously after the war because so much had changed and American were more forward with newer technology. (PBS) PBS’s timeline also says around World War II workers argued with employers about wages so companies began to offer health benefits to keep up with competition. (PBS) T his health care system has become a mandatory system still used today to offer to employees working within large companies. However , PBS also says that in the 2000’s healthcare costs started toShow MoreRelatedEssay on U.S. Health Care Timeline921 Words   |  4 PagesMost American receives their health coverage through the private insurance market, usually through their jobs. Many people buy insurance on their own in the individual market. Since coverage from private companies is the largest surge of insurance for Americans it is likely to be a central part of federal and state health reform efforts. Private health coverage is a mechanism for people to protect themselves from the potentially extreme financial costs of medical care if they become severely ill,Read MoreEssay on The War on Pharmaceutical Companies1171 Words   |  5 Pageshas become a battle to earn a high paying job to cope with the expenses of a typical American. It has become even more of a battle for som e people to afford medical prescriptions to keep healthy. Health becomes a crucial issue when discussed among people. No matter what, at one point or another, everyone is going to stand as a victim of the pharmaceutical industry. The bottom line is Americans are paying excessive amounts of money for medical prescriptions. Health-Care spending in the U.S. rose a stunningRead MoreThe Robert Courtney Case685 Words   |  3 PagesRunning Head: RARE AND INHUMAN I. Health care is a cooperative endeavor between patients and health care professionals. These professionals are obliged to observe high professional standards in the care of patients (AHA, 2012). They are also bound by the obligation to exercise open communication. The very first in the Patients Bill of Rights is the patients right to considerate and respectful care (AHA). A pharmacist is a healthcare professional who has an enormous responsibility in dispensingRead MoreDrug Abuse1622 Words   |  7 Pageschildren in the adoption system, etc.. According to drug abuse.gov, an estimated 271.5 million dollars are used overall in the year 2010 towards illicit drugs and prescription opioids. This epidemic is taking a toll on our younger generations because they are available for most anyone. This trend is common in high schoolers and youth for a â€Å"high† and they can be bought at school, a ban on drugs has an increase in more serious crimes, dirty doctors play a huge roll in the illegal sell statistics, moneyRead MoreDrug Testing for TANF Recipients1020 Words   |  4 Pageshomelessness, and lost wages that causes deaths and other serious economic and social consequences (Hunter). The crimes include stealing, drug trafficking, murder, robbery, domestic violence, breaking and entering, child abuse and neglect, and assault. Health care problems, such as overdoses, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, and tuberculosis, are often results of substance abuse. Requiring drug testing of TANF recipients who are at risk for drug abuse is a step in the right direction to help addicts overcome addictionRead MoreDefinition of Health Insurance887 Words   |  4 PagesDefinition Health insurance is insurance against the risk of incurring health care related expenses. It indemnifies the insured for the related financial loss. It is important to note that health insurance is a form of short term insurance. Disability, critical illness and long-term care insurance are all subclasses of health insurance. When an individual buys health insurance, he/she enters into a contract (policy) with the insurance company so that for a monthly premium, the insurance companyRead MoreGermanys Universal Insurance Structure1285 Words   |  6 PagesGermany’s universal insurance structure is modeled after a welfare system where everyone pays into the system. Coverage includes dental care, drugs, cash for glasses, and grants for young moms. Germans pay into the system just like most countries and whenever someone becomes ill or has an accident, they receive money. While Germany offers compulsory insurance to its citizens, people are free to buy their insurance from private â€Å"sickness finds†. These sickness funds are nonprofit and cannot deny anyRead MoreEssay On Health Care1679 Words   |  7 Pageswithin our current system. The key here is that we need to broaden our mindset when it comes to the healthcare system in America. The underlying assumption to this piece is that every Am erican is entitled to, at the very least, an essential level of health care. Despite my youthfulness, I have a lot of first-hand knowledge of the ins and out of the current American healthcare industry since I was born with Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome among many other issues. Internally, my nerves looked like a bowlRead MoreOrganizational Systems and Leadership Task 3 Essay examples1951 Words   |  8 Pages Great Britain uses a government run National Health Service (NHS), which seems too close to socialism for most Americans. For about half of what the U.S. pays per person for healthcare, the NHS covers all U.K. citizens and has better health statistics. (Palfreman, Reid, 2008). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the total expenditure on health per capita is $3,311 in the U.K., whereas in the U.S., the total expenditure on health per capita is $9,146. (WHO, n.d.). In the U.K.Read MorePlanned Parenthood - Argumentative Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pageswill struggle to receive the medical attention they need if the federal government stops funding to Planned Parenthood. Every year 363 million dollars goes into the funding â€Å"pot† collectively at Planned Parenthood’s nationwide (Clark 5). This money is used predominantly by women; for six in ten women, Planned Parenthood acts as their main source of health care (Clark 4). Many individuals with low incomes depend on these clinics to maintain or help better their health. Recently, the federal government

Human Behavior In Organizational Settings †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Human Behavior In Organizational Settings? Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior is the study of the way organizational members interact with each other. It is the study of human behavior in the organizational settings (To, Martin and Billy 2015). The study will discuss about the circumstances, when attitude determines the behavior of the employees at their work. On the other hand, the study will also determine the usefulness of attitude for a person. Furthermore, the study will discuss several factors, which determine either job satisfaction or organizational commitment. Apart from that, the study will demonstrate the extent to which managers should care about the commitment level of the employees. Discussion Attitude defines the way one person thinks or feels about someone or something. Work attitude defines the set of evaluation about ones job, which constitutes ones belief about, feeling towards and attachment his/her job. Work attitude can positively or negatively affects and determines the behavior of people in their workplace. According to Valentine and Godkin (2016), a person having positive attitude on their work and their co-workers can influence positively around them. On the other hand, the person having negative attitude on their jobs and co-workers can have negative influence on the people around them. Furthermore, the impact of attitude on employees behavior can be much more apparent by looking at the average behavior of that employee rather than his isolated behavior. As per Heponiemi et al. (2014), cognitive dissonance defines the feelings of inconsistency in the belief, feelings and behavior of an employee. Such feelings or attitude regarding the work motivates the employees in rectifying the work situation by modifying their behavior, which causes dissonance. On the other hand, Gursoy, Chi and Karadag (2013) opined that self fulfilling prophecy is the process, where employees try to convert their attitude in reality. In such situation, attitude determines the behavior of the employees in real situation. Attitude often determines the behavior of the employees, when they make their attitude potent. It actually defines mindless reaction, which is adaptable in all situations. It frees the mind of the employees towards showing specific behavior in some specific situation at work. Attitude is an extremely important factor, which facilitates a person to get through the highs and lows in his/her life. Olafsen et al. (2015) pointed out that Living life requires predominantly positive attitude because of its nature of high and low cycle. Attitude shapes the behavior of the employees in the workplace, which actually affect the organizational culture. In this way, having positive attitude facilitates a person to make warm and collaborative relationship with their co-workers. On the other hand, Van der Walt and de Klerk (2014) opined that right attitude towards the work encourage them to be more productive. Attitude develops personal experience of the employees and interaction with others towards dealing with complex situation of the organization. Furthermore, Kim (2014) opined that positive attitude creates positive environment within organization, which acts as motivators for other employees towards performing their best for improving overall organization productiv ity. Right attitude enhances the power of visualization of the employees. Moreover, positive attitude towards any work lead the employees towards seeing the big perspectives behind the particular work. Therefore, positive attitude enhances the forecasting power of the employees for future productivity. Positive attitude among the employees also encourages creativity among the employees. In this way, they can better involve in the success of the organizations. Moreover, Ko and Hur (2014) stated that right attitude among the employees enables the employees towards developing new ideas and coming up with creative solution for solving complex organizational problems. On the other hand, Sousa?Lima, Michel and Caetano (2013) opined that negative attitude restricts the creativity among the employees, as they do not feel obliged towards contributing in the organizational success. Proper attitude direction directs a person towards gaining success in their life. Moreover, right attitude among the people facilitates in facing difficult challenges in their life. Furthermore, positive attitude among the employees enhances their determination level, which helps in gaining better career progress in their life. Job satisfaction defines the level of fulfillment or enjoyment, which an employee feels about his/her job. Job satisfaction is the positive emotional attachment of an employee, which works as motivational factor within them towards greater productivity. On the other hand, organizational commitment is the level of bonding an employee experience with their organization. Committed employees high level of connection with their organization. Moreover, more satisfied customers are generally committed in their organization. However, there are several factors for fostering the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the employees. According to Waqas et al. (2014), payment is the most basic factor, which is mostly responsible for the satisfaction of the employees. Moreover, right amount of payment encourages the employees to be motivated in continuing their work in their organization. It actually fosters organizational commitment of the employees in their organization. On the other hand, Shooshtarian, Ameli and Aminilari (2013) opined that proper working condition is also highly responsible for increased job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the employees. Moreover, the working condition of organizations should be flexible enough for the employees. There should be reduced workload and work stress in the workplace. Such working condition would enhance the job satisfaction level of the employees, which in turn enhance their organizational commitment level. Furthermore, Froese and Peltokorpi (2013) stated that collaborative working culture and respect from the co-workers are needed for increased job sa tisfaction and organizational commitment of the employees. Employees always need social attachment for taking interest in their workplace. Moreover, there should be proper bonding among employees for increasing their interest level in their organization. Therefore, collaborative working environment and respect from the co-workers enhances the job satisfaction and organizational commitment level of the employees. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment of the employee are high dependent on their relationship with the supervisors. Moreover, the employees are more likely to show organizational commitment in their organization, when they get adequate support from their supervisors. Furthermore, the more warm relationship the employees have with their supervisors, they more they are satisfied in their workplace. On the other hand, Olafsen et al. (2015) employees are more satisfied with their current job, when they see an opportunities for career advancement in their organization. The employees are more encouraged to show their organizational commitment, when they have the opportunities of advanced career path. Organizational commitment refers to the psychological attachment or bonding of the employees with their organizations. Employees are more committed to their organizations, when their needs and wants are fulfilled as per their expectation. According to Valentine and Godkin (2016), committed employees feel greater connection with the organizational goals. They have high level of determination in respect to the organizational goals. Furthermore, Ko and Hur (2014) opined that committed employees are much more involved in the organizational goals and objectives. Such employees are more productive than other employees towards achieving organizational goals. Therefore, the managers of organizations should ensure that the employees are committed in the organizational goals. On the other hand, Waqas et al. (2014) opined that committed employees feel high level of connection with their job role. Therefore, they are highly encouraged to perform their job role in an effective manner. Highly comm itted employees are enthusiastic about performing their job role efficient for enhancing overall organizational efficiency. Therefore, the managers should ensure that the employees have high level of organizational commitment. According to Froese and Peltokorpi (2013), committed employees are highly loyal to their organizations and they are less likely to leave their organizations, even if they are offered with any better job opportunities. Moreover, the positive psychological state behind organizational commitment binds the employees to their organizations. In this way, organizational commitment ensures increasing rate of employee retention in the organizations. Therefore, the managers of the organizations should ensure that the employees are committed in their organizations. On the other hand, Kim (2014) opined that committed employees are more likely to foster encouraging work environment within workplace with their positive work attitude. Therefore, committed employees enhance the ultimate productivity of the organization through positive working environment. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that employees having positive attitude are more likely to show enthusiastic behavior in achieving organizational goals. Positive attitude fosters positive work environment within the workplace, which can act as motivator for other employees towards enhancing their overall productivity. Right attitude also encourages the employees in showing their creativity on their job role. It enhances the uniqueness in the organization. Highly satisfied employees are more likely to show high level of organizational commitment. Fair salary package encourage the employees to be more loyal towards their organizations. Collaborative and supportive work environment encourage the employees enhances the satisfaction level of the employees. Furthermore, the employees are more likely to show organizational commitment, when they can see scope of career advancement in their organization. Committed employees are highly productive, as they are encouraged towards perf orming their job role effectively. Furthermore, committed employees are less likely to leave their organization, even if they are offered with any other lucrative job offers. Therefore, the managers must ensure that their employees are committed in their organizations. Reference List Froese, F.J. and Peltokorpi, V., 2013. Organizational expatriates and self-initiated expatriates: differences in cross-cultural adjustment and job satisfaction.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(10), pp.1953-1967. Gursoy, D., Chi, C.G.Q. and Karadag, E., 2013. Generational differences in work values and attitudes among frontline and service contact employees.International Journal of Hospitality Management,32, pp.40-48. Heponiemi, T., Kouvonen, A., Virtanen, M., Vnsk, J. and Elovainio, M., 2014. The prospective effects of workplace violence on physicians job satisfaction and turnover intentions: the buffering effect of job control.BMC health services research,14(1), p.19. Kim, H.K., 2014. Work-life balance and employees' performance: The mediating role of affective commitment.Global Business and Management Research,6(1), p.37. Ko, J. and Hur, S., 2014. The impacts of employee benefits, procedural justice, and managerial trustworthiness on work attitudes: Integrated understanding based on social exchange theory.Public Administration Review,74(2), pp.176-187. Olafsen, A.H., Halvari, H., Forest, J. and Deci, E.L., 2015. Show them the money? The role of pay, managerial need support, and justice in a self?determination theory model of intrinsic work motivation.Scandinavian journal of psychology,56(4), pp.447-457. Shooshtarian, Z., Ameli, F. and Aminilari, M., 2013. The effect of labor's emotional intelligence on their job satisfaction, job performance and commitment.Iranian Journal of Management Studies,6(1), p.29. Sousa?Lima, M., Michel, J.W. and Caetano, A., 2013. Clarifying the importance of trust in organizations as a component of effective work relationships.Journal of Applied Social Psychology,43(2), pp.418-427. To, W.M., Martin, E.F. and Billy, T.W., 2015. Effect of management commitment to internal marketing on employee work attitude.International Journal of Hospitality Management,45, pp.14-21. Valentine, S. and Godkin, L., 2016. Ethics policies, perceived social responsibility, and positive work attitude.The Irish Journal of Management,35(2), pp.114-128. Van der Walt, F. and de Klerk, J.J., 2014. Workplace spirituality and job satisfaction.International Review of Psychiatry,26(3), pp.379-389. Waqas, A., Bashir, U., Sattar, M.F., Abdullah, H.M., Hussain, I., Anjum, W., Ali, M.A. and Arshad, R., 2014. Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction and Its Impact on Job Loyalty.International Journal of Learning and Development,4(2), pp.141-161.

Global Warming Trend Without the Contributions

Question: Descrbe about the Global Warming Trend Without the Contributions? Answer: Using of Meteorological Data of Arctic Region It has been observed that there is a noteworthy seasonality in the climate of the Arctic region like some of the great rivers of Russia and North America almost stops its flow in the winter season. Besides, in the May, it can be seen that the frozen ice in the rivers starts to break gradually and in the month of June hurried downpour of fresh water can be observed (Banerjee, 2012). This is sometimes followed by the fall in flow and this process continues up to November as in November it stars to freeze. Figure 1.1: Yearly Cycle of Arctic Region Recording the Temparature of Arctic Region Name and General Location Date Temparature EUMETNET Arctic Ocean 3rd February, 2015 -24.0 C NPEO Station 5th February, 2015 -28.0 C IABP Station 7th February, 2015 -21.0 C UpTempO Station 9th February, 2015 -23.0 C Table 2.1 Arctic Temparature Data, February, 2015 It has been observed that the temparatre of Arctic Region has been recorded in the month of February, 2015 from the for different geostations. 3rd February, the tremparatre of this region was recorded as -24.0 C while from NPEO Station te temparatre was noted as -28.0 C. From IABP station, the temparatre was -21.0 C on 7th Febraary and on 9th Febrar te temparatre was recorded as -23.0 C. Terefore, it ca be said that the minimum teprature was recored on 5th Febrary from NPEO Station while maximum temparatre was noted on 7th Febrary from IABP station (Mahlstein and Knutti, 2012). Elaboration of Data received from the Stations Here the temparatre has been recorded in the month of February. In this time, Sun is in the southern part of the world and thus in northern part it is winter solistice. In this time peroid, the Arctic region faces 24 hours of night. Chilling weather accompanied by thunder storm can be observed and this is the most common scenarion of this time period (Nagato and Tanaka, 2012). At this point of time, the Sun sheds its maximum heat in the south region and this affects the weather of Arctic in such a way that most of the time heavy thunder storm make the situation worst. As we all know the Equinoxes are on 22nd September and 20th March, therefore, the temparature statrs to rise in the month of February comparaed to the other winter months of the year. In the first part of February, the temparature tends to be low but at the end of this month, the temparature starts to rise gradually as the Equinox comes close that is in March (Perry and Andersen, 2012). Comparing the Temparature of Arctic Region in normal time and in the specified year In this report, the reseracher has selected the month of February, 2015 and has compared this data with data received from 2010, February (Showstack, 2012). Here the weather data of February, 2010 has been given for the better evaluation of the data. Name and General Location Date Temparature Eumetnet Arctic Ocean 3rd February, 2010 -24.0 C NPEO Station 5th February, 2010 -30.0 C IABP Station 7th February, 2010 -22.0 C UpTempO Station 9th February, 2010 -19.0 C Table 4.1: Arctic Temparature Data, February, 2010 It can be seen from the above table that the temparature of these stations in the year 2010 was recorded and this has differed from the temparature recorded in the month of February of 2015. the lowest temparature has been recorded as -30.0 C in NPEO station on 5th February and the highest temparature was recorded -19.0 C on 9th February, 2015 in UpTempO Station. Therefore, from the noted data it can be said that for the last 5 years the trend of temparature has changed and this is perhaps due to the global warming (Roberts, 2012). Comparing the Observed data Arctic Climate Impact Assessment focuses on the four regions of Arctic regions and this is considered as the first comprehensive as well as integrated assessment of the climatic change along with the ultra violet radiation throughout the whole arctic region (Showstack, 2012). It has been noted that middling sea ice extent for August 2015 was recorded as 5.61 million square kilometers. The rapid change of weather has been notoced here as many geographers argue that Antartic and Arctic are two vulnarable places of the world. It can be said that there is a large rate of daily ice loss since late July of 2015 and this has slowed down in August (Roberts, 2012). The ice is presently tracking poorer than the two standard deviations underneath the 1981 to 2010 long term standard. References Banerjee, S. (2012). Arctic voices. New York: Seven Stories Press. Mahlstein, I. and Knutti, R. (2012). September Arctic sea ice predicted to disappear near 2C Global Warming Above Present. J. Geophys. Res., 117(D6). Nagato, Y. and Tanaka, H. (2012). Global warming trend without the contributions from decadal variability of the Arctic Oscillation. Polar Science, 6(1), pp.15-22. Perry, C. and Andersen, B. (2012). New strategic dynamics in the Arctic region. [Cambridge: Institute for Foreign policy Analysis. Roberts, T. (2012). Arctic contaminants and climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2(12), pp.829-829. Showstack, R. (2012). Arctic region mapping tool. Eos Trans. AGU, 93(33), p.319.